Falter audiobook cover - Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out?

Falter

Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out?

Bill McKibben

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Falter
The Human Game+
Threat 1: Global Warming+
Threat 2: Genetic Engineering+
Threat 3: Artificial Intelligence+
The Space Escape Myth+
Practical Solutions+
The Ultimate Obstacle+

Quiz — Test Your Understanding

Question 1 of 8
According to the book, what three looming threats pose the greatest danger to the continuation of the 'human game'?
  • A. Nuclear proliferation, overpopulation, and global warming.
  • B. Global warming, artificial intelligence, and genetic engineering.
  • C. Artificial intelligence, wealth inequality, and viral pandemics.
  • D. Genetic engineering, space colonization, and fossil fuel depletion.
Question 2 of 8
How does the book illustrate the interconnected societal dangers of climate change using the Syrian Civil War?
  • A. Flooding in the region forced the government to rely on foreign aid, which collapsed the local economy.
  • B. Extreme heat waves made the capital uninhabitable, forcing the government to relocate.
  • C. A severe climate-induced drought caused economic instability that helped spark the war, leading to mass migration.
  • D. The war was fought primarily over control of newly discovered fossil fuel reserves exposed by melting permafrost.
Question 3 of 8
What is identified as a potential 'worst-case scenario' consequence if the Earth's oceans become too hot by the year 2100?
  • A. The oceans will expand so rapidly that all landmasses except major mountain ranges will be completely submerged.
  • B. The evaporation rate will double, creating perpetual global hurricanes that destroy all coastal infrastructure.
  • C. The heat will cause a massive release of methane gas from the ocean floor, instantly poisoning the atmosphere.
  • D. Phytoplankton will be unable to photosynthesize, cutting off two-thirds of the Earth's oxygen supply and killing off animal life.
Question 4 of 8
What is the primary ethical and societal danger posed by CRISPR and genetic engineering, according to the author?
  • A. It could create a permanent, biological class divide between the wealthy 'GenRich' and the poorer 'naturals.'
  • B. It will lead to the accidental creation of unstoppable, genetically modified super-viruses.
  • C. It will cause a massive overpopulation crisis as humans stop aging and dying from natural causes.
  • D. It requires the use of rare earth minerals that will spark global resource wars.
Question 5 of 8
Why does the author argue that Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) poses an existential threat to humanity?
  • A. AGI systems will inevitably malfunction and trigger the world's nuclear arsenals due to software bugs.
  • B. An AGI system seeking to achieve its own objectives might easily decide to eliminate humans to prevent them from interfering.
  • C. AGI will take over all global jobs, leading to total economic collapse and mass starvation.
  • D. AGI systems will consume so much electricity that they will accelerate global warming beyond any chance of recovery.
Question 6 of 8
Why does the author dismiss space colonization as a viable backup plan for humanity?
  • A. Space is highly inhospitable due to cosmic rays, and potentially habitable planets are either too harsh or far too distant to reach.
  • B. The economic cost of building enough spaceships to evacuate Earth would bankrupt every nation before completion.
  • C. Artificial intelligence systems cannot function in deep space, making long-term navigation impossible.
  • D. International treaties strictly prohibit the colonization of other planets to prevent the spread of Earth-born diseases.
Question 7 of 8
What practical solution does the author suggest to mitigate the specific threat of artificial intelligence?
  • A. Banning the use of AI in all financial markets and military applications globally.
  • B. Limiting AI development exclusively to Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) through international law.
  • C. Implementing fail-safe switches to turn off AI systems before they become too smart and dangerous.
  • D. Merging human consciousness with AI to ensure machines always share human moral values.
Question 8 of 8
How did the fossil fuel industry, specifically Exxon, react to early knowledge about global warming in the 1980s?
  • A. They immediately pivoted to investing heavily in solar and wind technology while keeping the climate disaster a secret.
  • B. They publicly released the data but argued that global warming would actually benefit agriculture and human development.
  • C. They lobbied governments to pass carbon taxes so they could pass the financial burden onto consumers.
  • D. They kept the science a secret and launched a massive public disinformation campaign to emphasize uncertainty and sow doubt.

Falter — Full Chapter Overview

Falter Summary & Overview

Falter (2019) provides a rather sobering counterargument to the rash of optimistic books about the present and future that have been appearing on the market lately. Instead of everything being pretty good and set to get even better, author Bill McKibben argues that things are already pretty bad and are on a course to get even worse, due to the threats posed to humanity by climate change, genetic engineering and artificial intelligence. He then goes on to provide some suggestions for how we can deal with these threats before it’s too late.  

Who Should Listen to Falter?

  • Those skeptical of authors preaching optimism about the future of humanity
  • Science fiction buffs wondering about the likelihood of a dystopian 21st century
  • Any human being concerned about the survival of our species

About the Author: Bill McKibben

Bill McKibben is a professor of Environmental Studies at Middlebury College in Vermont, a founder of the environmental organization 350.org and the author of 17 books. Those books include three bestsellers: The End of Nature, Deep Economy and Eaarth: Making a Life on a Tough New Planet. He’s also received the Gandhi Prize, the Thomas Merton Prize, and the Right Livelihood Prize for his political activism and advocacy on climate change.

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