
The West: A New History argues that “Western Civilisation” is not a neutral description of a timeless cultural lineage but a constructed narrative—one that has been repeatedly invented, revised, and weaponized. Rather than telling a traditional “rise of the West,” Naoíse Mac Sweeney traces how the story about the West was formed: from ancient debates over identity and purity, through medieval rival claims to antiquity, to Enlightenment-era knowledge systems, empire, race, and modern geopolitics.
To keep the argument grounded, the book follows fourteen historical figures—from Herodotus and the Roman imperial family to al-Kindī in Baghdad, a Byzantine emperor in exile, a Renaissance courtesan-philosopher, an Ottoman power broker, an Angolan queen, an American revolutionary, an enslaved poet, and modern critics and rivals such as Edward Said and Carrie Lam. Each life reveals how “the West” was redefined to fit changing political needs, and why the old story no longer matches historical evidence or contemporary values.