How to Be a Leader audiobook cover - An Ancient Guide to Wise Leadership

How to Be a Leader

An Ancient Guide to Wise Leadership

Plutarch

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How to Be a Leader
Motivations for Leading+
Public Character+
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Quiz — Test Your Understanding

Question 1 of 7
Why does Plutarch argue that leaders should not be motivated by a desire for glory and public acclaim?
  • A. It leads to reckless decisions and unstable societies.
  • B. It makes a leader too hesitant and overly cautious.
  • C. It causes the public to demand too many statues and monuments.
  • D. It distracts leaders from their military duties in the polis.
Question 2 of 7
According to the text, what is the only sure-fire way for a leader to avoid public criticism?
  • A. By passing strict laws that punish public dissent.
  • B. By living a spotless life and maintaining an impeccable character.
  • C. By constantly reminding the public of their past military victories.
  • D. By avoiding public speaking and staying out of the spotlight.
Question 3 of 7
What leadership lesson is illustrated by the contrast between Aristodemus and Theopompus?
  • A. Leaders should rule by divine right rather than public election.
  • B. Hoarding power leads to paranoia, while sharing power creates stability.
  • C. Military strength is more important than philosophical wisdom.
  • D. A leader must prioritize personal safety above all else to maintain order.
Question 4 of 7
Why was the Athenian politician Nicias forced to lead a disastrous military campaign in Sicily despite opposing it?
  • A. He was blackmailed by his political rival, Alcibiades.
  • B. He lacked the rhetorical skill to persuade his fellow citizens to remain at peace.
  • C. He believed that winning the war was the only way to secure his legacy.
  • D. He was directly ordered to do so by the imperial capital of Rome.
Question 5 of 7
How does Plutarch apply Aesop’s fable of the fox and the ticks to political leadership?
  • A. Old leaders are like the fox, capable of outsmarting their younger rivals.
  • B. A state should constantly refresh its leadership, just as a fox sheds its coat.
  • C. Replacing older leaders with younger ones is dangerous because novices are 'hungry' for power and glory.
  • D. Leaders must rid themselves of corrupt advisors, just as the fox must rid itself of ticks.
Question 6 of 7
How did Plutarch view the concept of retirement for older leaders?
  • A. He believed they should retire completely to enjoy the wealth they had accumulated.
  • B. He felt they should step aside immediately to let the younger generation take full control.
  • C. He suggested they should only return to politics if a major war breaks out.
  • D. He argued they should remain engaged because politics is an ongoing way of life, not a finite task.
Question 7 of 7
What mistake did the Roman politician Scipio Aemilianus make that damaged his reputation for courtesy and fairness?
  • A. He refused to have a statue built in his honor.
  • B. He failed to invite a political colleague to a celebratory feast.
  • C. He retired early to a life of luxury and daytime baths.
  • D. He argued against the construction of a new speaker's platform.

How to Be a Leader — Full Chapter Overview

How to Be a Leader Summary & Overview

How to Be a Leader is an ancient guide to effective leadership. Blending pragmatic advice with historical anecdotes and political history, it lays out a timeless vision of the qualities all great leaders have in common.

Who Should Listen to How to Be a Leader?

  • Aspiring politicians and the civil leaders of tomorrow
  • History nerds interested in the ancient world
  • Aging leaders wondering whether to throw in the towel

About the Author: Plutarch

Plutarch was an ancient Greek philosopher, historian, and biographer who lived in the first century CE. His Moralia and Parallel Lives have been popular for millennia, influencing writers and thinkers as diverse as Shakespeare, Rousseau, and Thomas Jefferson.

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