Cubed audiobook cover - A Secret History of the Workplace

Cubed

A Secret History of the Workplace

Nikil Saval

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Cubed
Early Industrial Era+
1860-1920: Expansion & Efficiency+
The Skyscraper Era+
Post-War Organic Design+
Birth of the Cubicle+

Quiz — Test Your Understanding

Question 1 of 5
Why did the distinct role of the 'clerk' and separate office spaces first become a requirement in the workplace?
  • A. Due to the invention of the typewriter and telephone in the 1920s.
  • B. As a result of industrialization and the need to manage growing business transactions.
  • C. Because labor unions demanded separate working conditions for administrative staff.
  • D. To implement Frederick Taylor's scientific management theories.
Question 2 of 5
How did Frederick Taylor's concept of 'Taylorism' address the confusion of rapidly expanding early 20th-century offices?
  • A. It introduced organic layouts based on communication and human interaction.
  • B. It provided workers with amenities like libraries and barbershops to boost morale.
  • C. It divided work into specialized segments to maximize speed and efficiency.
  • D. It promoted physical movement and health for administrative workers by using modular walls.
Question 3 of 5
What was the primary motivation for business leaders to include amenities like barbershops and libraries in early skyscraper offices?
  • A. To create a social distinction between office workers and increasingly hostile, unionized factory workers.
  • B. To ensure workers never had to leave the building, maximizing their daily output.
  • C. To comply with new government regulations regarding workplace health and safety.
  • D. To justify the high rental costs of new skyscraper developments in Chicago and New York.
Question 4 of 5
What was the core philosophy behind the Bürolandschaft ('office landscape') designed by the Schnelle brothers in post-war Germany?
  • A. Maximizing the number of workers that could fit into a single skyscraper floor.
  • B. Creating rigid, hierarchical rows of desks to improve mass production.
  • C. Building enclosed, soundproof rooms to completely eliminate workplace noise.
  • D. Designing organic layouts based on human interaction, privacy needs, and communication flow.
Question 5 of 5
Robert Propst's original 'Action Office' was designed to promote worker health and movement. Why did this concept ultimately evolve into the modern, enclosed cubicle?
  • A. Workers complained that the Action Office forced them to stand too much during the day.
  • B. Companies found the original design too expensive and opted for cheaper, enclosed alternatives.
  • C. Executives wanted sound screens to serve as a status symbol separating them from general workers.
  • D. The open modular walls caused too much noise and distraction, forcing a return to counting houses.

Cubed — Full Chapter Overview

Cubed Summary & Overview

In Cubed (2014), you’ll discover that what you know as your office cubicle – that beige box so many workers worldwide toil in each day – is a fairly recent invention, despite its long history of development. These blinks will explain how the modern office came to be through a detailed account of the evolution of the workplace.

Who Should Listen to Cubed?

  • Historians or sociologists interested in the evolution of the office-worker
  • Employees and employers interested in management and workplace science

About the Author: Nikil Saval

Nikil Saval is an American writer based in Philadelphia. He is an editor at n+1, a New York-based literary magazine for culture, politics and literature.

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