Cod audiobook cover - A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World

Cod

A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World

Mark Kurlansky

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Cod
Historical Significance+
The Basque Discovery+
Technological Evolution+
Conflicts and Cod Wars+
Overfishing and Collapse+

Quiz — Test Your Understanding

Question 1 of 6
Why did the Basque people become particularly wealthy from selling salted cod in Europe?
  • A. It was the only fish that could survive the long ocean journey from North America.
  • B. The Catholic Church forbade meat on fasting days, creating a massive demand for fish.
  • C. They held a royal monopoly on the cod trade granted by the Spanish monarchy.
  • D. Cod was considered a rare luxury item reserved exclusively for the European aristocracy.
Question 2 of 6
How did the booming cod trade contribute to the American Revolution?
  • A. The British heavily taxed the cod trade, angering the New England colonists.
  • B. Colonists were forced by law to sell their cod exclusively to French merchants.
  • C. The profitable cod trade made New England colonists highly independent and self-sufficient.
  • D. Disputes over fishing territories in the Grand Banks sparked direct military conflict with Britain.
Question 3 of 6
In the nineteenth century, why did many people, including scientist Thomas Henry Huxley, dismiss fears of overfishing?
  • A. Improved fishing techniques like longlining kept catch numbers high, disguising the depletion of the fish.
  • B. Marine biologists published studies falsely proving that cod had an unlimited reproduction rate.
  • C. The invention of the steam engine allowed fishermen to constantly find completely untouched fishing grounds.
  • D. Governments actively suppressed data about declining fish populations to protect the fishing economy.
Question 4 of 6
What major problem in the industrial fishing industry did Clarence Birdseye's invention help solve?
  • A. The slow speed of sailing ships returning from North America.
  • B. The inability to catch fish that had migrated to deeper, colder waters.
  • C. The severe shortage of salt needed to cure fish on long ocean voyages.
  • D. The difficulty of transporting large quantities of fish to market in good, fresh condition.
Question 5 of 6
What was the primary cause of the 'Cod Wars' between Iceland and Britain?
  • A. Britain's refusal to share its newly invented otter trawl technology with Icelandic fishermen.
  • B. Iceland's repeated expansion of its territorial fishing limits to keep British ships out.
  • C. Disputes over who originally discovered the rich fishing grounds in the North Sea.
  • D. British ships cutting the nets of Icelandic fishermen in international waters.
Question 6 of 6
How did the Canadian government initially react to the declining cod populations before finally issuing a moratorium in 1992?
  • A. They immediately banned all international fishing fleets from their waters.
  • B. They assumed the decline was a temporary natural fluctuation and that the population would bounce back.
  • C. They heavily subsidized fishermen to switch to catching herring and mackerel instead.
  • D. They blamed the decline entirely on global climate change rather than human overfishing.

Cod — Full Chapter Overview

Cod Summary & Overview

Cod (1997) charts the rise and fall of the codfish. A major commodity in the European market during the discovery of the New World, cod went on to cause national conflicts and, due to overfishing, eventually became vulnerable to extinction. Find out how this fish changed the world only to end up on the verge of oblivion.

Who Should Listen to Cod?

  • Foodies interested in the history of seafood
  • Conservationists curious about the dangers of overfishing
  • Students of marine biology

About the Author: Mark Kurlansky

Mark Kurlansky is an American journalist who has written a number of fiction and nonfiction books. His international bestseller Cod has been translated into 15 different languages. His other works include Salt and World Without Fish.

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