In Defense of Selfishness audiobook cover - Why the Code of Self-Sacrifice is Unjust and Destructive

In Defense of Selfishness

Why the Code of Self-Sacrifice is Unjust and Destructive

Peter Schwartz

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In Defense of Selfishness
The Destructive Nature of Altruism+
The True Definition of Selfishness+
Societal and Political Outcomes+
Actionable Principles+

Quiz — Test Your Understanding

Question 1 of 7
What does the book argue is the true nature of altruism?
  • A. A pathway to equality and social harmony.
  • B. A harmful doctrine that requires servitude and self-sacrifice.
  • C. A rational approach to voluntarily helping victims of misfortune.
  • D. A system that carefully balances individual needs with societal demands.
Question 2 of 7
How does the author view the concept of 'public interest'?
  • A. It is a myth that ultimately leads to collectivism and totalitarianism.
  • B. It is a necessary foundation for functional capitalism and free markets.
  • C. It is the only moral justification for building parks and public transit.
  • D. It is a rational principle that protects the rights of minorities.
Question 3 of 7
According to the text, how does true selfishness differ from the predatory behavior of a criminal?
  • A. True selfishness is impulsive and emotional, whereas criminal behavior is calculated.
  • B. True selfishness focuses purely on satisfying animalistic desires for survival.
  • C. True selfishness is founded on reason and promotes voluntary, peaceful exchange.
  • D. True selfishness requires sacrificing others for your own temporary gain.
Question 4 of 7
Why does the author argue that altruism takes away a person's ability to love?
  • A. Because love requires an individual identity, which altruism forces you to surrender.
  • B. Because altruism demands that all affection be directed toward the state rather than individuals.
  • C. Because loving someone means expecting a reciprocal sacrifice, which altruism strictly forbids.
  • D. Because altruists believe that romantic love is a selfish illusion created by capitalism.
Question 5 of 7
In a society based on rational selfishness and capitalism, how should public institutions like parks and libraries be managed?
  • A. They should be funded by a democratic majority vote to ensure fairness.
  • B. They should be subsidized by the state to guarantee equal access for all.
  • C. They should be owned and controlled by the collective public.
  • D. They should be private, ensuring only those who want to use them pay for them.
Question 6 of 7
Why does the book argue that a free, capitalist society requires a republic rather than a democratic government?
  • A. Because a republic ensures that wealth is redistributed equally among all citizens.
  • B. Because democracy relies on majority rule, which can be dangerous and lead to tyranny.
  • C. Because a republic mandates that all citizens participate in voluntary community service.
  • D. Because democratic governments inherently favor the interests of the wealthy elite.
Question 7 of 7
What actionable advice does the author provide regarding sports teams?
  • A. Always support your local team to build community solidarity and public interest.
  • B. Praise the individual players who make victory possible, rather than just the collective team.
  • C. Recognize that victory is always a collective effort where no single star matters.
  • D. Focus on the team's overall altruistic contributions to their city.

In Defense of Selfishness — Full Chapter Overview

In Defense of Selfishness Summary & Overview

In Defense of Selfishness (2015) exposes the dark side of an attribute most of us assume to be good: altruism. It explains why, despite common misconception, altruism is harmful, devaluing both individuals and societies at large – and why selfishness is the alternative that can provide us with liberation.

Who Should Listen to In Defense of Selfishness?

  • Anyone who’s ever felt guilty about being selfish
  • Skeptics of the welfare state
  • Those interested in the harms of altruism

About the Author: Peter Schwartz

Peter Schwartz is retired Chairman of the Board of Directors and current Distinguished Fellow of the Ayn Rand Institute. In Defense of Selfishness is his third book.

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